What is a magnetic sensitive diode, its structure, advantages and disadvantages, principles, applications, installation, faults, and solutions

Magneto sensitive diode is a semiconductor device based on magnetic sensing effect, also known as magnetoresistance or magnetic resistance. When a magnetic sensitive diode is subjected to a magnetic field, the flux lines of the current inside the conductor are twisted, thereby changing the resistance value of the material. By measuring the change in resistance value, the strength of the magnetic field can be determined. It has the advantages of high sensitivity, fast response speed, small size, and low power consumption, and is widely used in many fields. The following is a detailed explanation of magnetic sensitive diodes.

1、 Structure:

A magnetic sensitive diode consists of a thin sheet of copper conductor, an insulating layer, and metal electrodes. Metal electrodes are connected at both ends of a conductor, serving to draw current and measure resistance. The insulation layer allows current to flow only through the interior of the conductor and protects the conductor from external environmental interference.

2、 Advantages and disadvantages:

1. Advantages:

a. High sensitivity: Magnetic sensitive diodes have a high rate of change under the influence of magnetic fields and can respond sensitively to external magnetic field changes.

b. Fast response speed: Magnetic sensitive diodes have a fast response speed and can detect magnetic field changes in real time.

c. Good anti-interference performance: Magnetic sensitive diodes have little impact on environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and have excellent anti-interference performance.

2. Disadvantages:

a. Uneven sensitivity: Currently, the magnetic sensitivity effect of conventional materials in magnetic sensitive diodes is non-uniform, resulting in changes in sensitivity at different positions.

b. Large temperature drift: The temperature characteristics of magnetic sensitive diodes are relatively unstable, and they are prone to drift when the temperature changes.

3、 Principle:

The working principle of a magnetic sensitive diode is based on the magnetic sensing effect. This effect refers to the corresponding change in the resistance value inside the material when the magnetic induction intensity changes. When a magnetic field acts on a magnetic sensitive diode, the electrons inside the conductor are displaced by the magnetic field force, thereby changing the motion state of the electrons in the conductor. This leads to a change in resistance value, which in turn reflects the strength of the magnetic field.

4、 Application:

Magnetic sensitive diodes are widely used in many applications. Here are some common application areas:

1. Circuit protection: Magnetic sensitive diodes can be used to detect overcurrent conditions in circuits to avoid damage caused by the circuit.

2. Magnetometer: Magnetic sensitive diodes can be used to measure the strength and direction of magnetic fields, such as in geomagnetic measurements, navigation systems, etc.

3. Position sensor: Magnetic sensitive diodes can be used to detect the position and displacement of objects, and applied to position control and automation systems.

4. Non contact switch: Magnetic sensitive diodes can be used as non-contact switches, such as in safety systems, automotive backup switches, etc.

5、 Installation:

The installation of magnetic sensitive diodes should pay attention to the following points:

1. Magnetic sensitive diodes need to be properly connected to wires to ensure signal transmission.

2. Eliminate excessive force and vibration to avoid damaging its leads.

3. It is necessary to operate within an appropriate temperature range to prevent its performance from being affected.

When in contact with magnetic sensitive diodes, attention should be paid to avoiding damage caused by electrostatic discharge.

6、 Faults and solutions:

When a magnetic sensitive diode malfunctions, the following situations may occur:

1. No output signal: The magnetic sensitive diode cannot generate an output signal, which may be caused by incorrect pin connections, component damage, or unsatisfactory working conditions.

2. Unstable output signal: The output signal generated by the magnetic sensitive diode fluctuates greatly, which may be caused by power supply noise, interference magnetic field, or temperature changes.

3. Abnormal output signal: The output signal generated by the magnetic sensitive diode does not match the expected value, which may be caused by mismatch between component parameters and design requirements, changes in working environment, and other reasons.

In response to the above fault situations, the following solutions can be taken:

1. Check the pin connection: Confirm that the pin connection of the magnetic sensitive diode is correct to avoid misconnection, inversion, and other situations.

2. Check working conditions: Ensure that the power supply, magnetic field, and other conditions required for the operation of the magnetic sensitive diode meet the requirements, such as checking whether the power supply voltage is stable and eliminating interference magnetic fields.

3. Check the quality of components: If there is a malfunction, a testing instrument can be used to measure and check whether the magnetic sensitive diode is damaged. If so, a new component needs to be replaced.

4. Optimization design and filtering: By optimizing circuit parameters and design schemes, the working stability of magnetic sensitive diodees can be improved, such as increasing filtering capacitors.

In short, proper installation, reasonable use, and maintenance of magnetic sensitive diodes can improve their reliability and stability. When a malfunction occurs, the detailed situation of the problem should be carefully analyzed, and corresponding solutions should be taken according to the specific situation.