The stabilizing effect of voltage regulator tube

Zener diode (also known as a Zener diode) is a surface junction silicon semiconductor diode manufactured using a special process.

The impurity concentration of this type of diode is relatively high, and the charge density in the space charge region is high and narrow, making it easy to form a strong electric field. When the reverse voltage reaches a certain value, the reverse current increases sharply, resulting in reverse breakdown.

The principle of voltage stabilization of voltage regulators is that in the reverse breakdown region, when there is a significant change in current, it only causes a small voltage change, that is, the voltage remains basically unchanged. The steeper the reverse breakdown curve, the smaller the dynamic resistance, and the better the voltage regulation performance of the voltage regulator.

In a voltage regulator circuit, a current limiting resistor R is generally added to ensure that the current of the regulator operates within the voltage regulation range of IZmax and IZmix.